myObject.myMethod(1, 2, 3);

  

  myObject.myMethod.call(myOtherObject, 1, 2, 3); 

  

  Math.sin(Math.PI / 4)

  Math.sin.call(null, Math.PI / 4)

  

package {
	import flash.display.Sprite;
	
	public class FunctionExample extends Sprite {
		public function FunctionExample() {
			var simpleColl:SimpleCollection;
			simpleColl = new SimpleCollection(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8);
			trace(simpleColl);		// 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8

			var listener:EventListener = new EventListener();
			simpleColl.addListener(listener);
			simpleColl.insert(9);		// itemInsertedHandler: 9
			simpleColl.remove(8);		// itemRemovedHandler: 8
			trace(simpleColl);		// 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9

			var greaterThanFourColl:SimpleCollection;
			greaterThanFourColl = simpleColl.select(4, function(item:int, value:int){ return item > value });
			trace(greaterThanFourColl);	// 5, 6, 7, 9
		}
	}
}
	
import flash.display.Sprite;
	
class EventBroadcaster {
	private var listeners:Array;

	public function EventBroadcaster() {
		listeners = new Array();
	}
		
	public function addListener(obj:Object):void {
		removeListener(obj);
		listeners.push(obj);
	}
		
	public function removeListener(obj:Object):void {
		for(var i:uint = 0; i < listeners.length; i++) {
			if(listeners[i] == obj) {
				listeners.splice(i, 1);
			}
		}
	}
	
	public function broadcastEvent(evnt:String, ...args):void {
		for(var i:uint = 0; i < listeners.length; i++) {
			listeners[i][evnt].apply(listeners[i], args);
		}
	}	
}
	
class SimpleCollection extends EventBroadcaster {
	private var arr:Array;
		public function SimpleCollection(... args) {
		arr = (args.length == 1 && !isNaN(args[0])) ? new Array(args[0]) : args;
	}
		
	public function insert(obj:Object):void {
		remove(obj);
		arr.push(obj);
		broadcastEvent("itemInsertedHandler", obj);
	}
		
	public function remove(obj:Object):void {
		for(var i:uint = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
			if(arr[i] == obj) {
				var obj:Object = arr.splice(i, 1)[0];
				broadcastEvent("itemRemovedHandler", obj);
			}
		}
	}

	public function select(val:int, fn:Function):SimpleCollection {
		var col:SimpleCollection = new SimpleCollection();
		for(var i:uint = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
			if(fn.call(this, arr[i], val)) {
				col.insert(arr[i]);
			}
		}
		return col;
	}
		
	public function toString():String {
		var str:String = new String();
		for(var i:uint = 0; i < arr.length - 1; i++) {
			str += arr[i] + ", ";
		}
		str += arr[arr.length - 1];
		return str;
	}
}

class EventListener {
	public function EventListener() {
	}
	
	public function itemInsertedHandler(obj:Object):void {
		trace("itemInsertedHandler: " + obj);
	}
	
	public function itemRemovedHandler(obj:Object):void {
		trace("itemRemovedHandler: " + obj);		
	}
}